A. Cardinal Numbers:

líng 零 (zero),
gè wèi 个位 (ones place),
yī 一 (one),
èr 二 (two), liǎng 两 (two),
sān 三 (three),
sì 四 (four),
wǔ 五 (five),
liù 六 (six),
qī 七 (seven),
bā 八 (eight),
jiǔ 九 (nine),
shí 十 (ten),
bǎi 百 (hundred), qiān 千 (thousand), wàn 万 (ten thousand), yì 亿 (a hundred million), shíyì 十亿 (one billion)

Following counting by parity of reasoning :
11 --- shíyī 十一， 12 ---- shíèr 十二， 19 --- shíjiǔ 十九
20 ---- èrshí 二十 21 --- èrshíyī 二十一，29 --- èrshíjiǔ二十九
30 ---- sānshí三十, 90 ---- jiǔshí 九十 ，99 ---- jiǔshíjiǔ 九十九
100 ---- yībǎi 一百， 101 ------ yībǎi língyī 一百零一，
110 ---- yībǎi yīshí 一百一十， 111 ---- yībǎi yīshíyī 一百一十一
200 ---- èr ( or : liǎng )bǎi 二百( 两百) , 300 ---- sānbǎi 三百，
999 ---- jiǔbǎi jiǔshíjiǔ 九百九十九， 1,000 ---- yī qiān 一千 ，
1,001 --- yīqiānlíng yī 一千零一， 1,099 ---- yīqiān líng jiǔ shíjiǔ 一千零九十九，1,999 --- yīqiān jiǔbǎi jiǔshí jiǔ 一千九百九十九， 2,000 ---- èr(or: liǎng) qiān 二( 两)千， 10,000 --- yī wàn 一万
100,000 ---- shí wàn 十万， 1,000,000 ---- yībǎiwàn 一百万，
10,000,000 ----yīqiānwàn 一千万，100,000,000 --- yīyì 一亿 ，
Shíyì 1,000,000,000 -------十亿 , 1,234,567,890 ------ yīshí èryì sānqiān sìbǎi wǔshíliùwàn qīqiān bābǎi jiǔshí 一十二亿三千四百五十六万七千八百九十

B. Ordinal Numbers:

In Chinese, “dì (第)” is put before a number to form an ordinal numeral:
e.g. dì yī 第一， dì yī qiān líng yī 第一千零一

C. Notes:

In Chinese, there must be a quantifier (liàngcí 量词) between numerals (shùcí 数词) and nouns (míngcí 名词), and there are many kinds of quantifiers in the daily colloquial usages, which cannot be confused.
e.g.
1. sān gè xué shēng 三个学生 (three students),
2. wǔ tái diànnǎo 五台电脑 (five computers),
3. shí tóu niú 十头牛 (ten cows),
4. yī bǎi zhāng zhǐ 一百张纸 (one hundred pieces of paper)

Wrong: sān tóu xuéshēng 三头学生, wǔ gè niú 五个牛, yī tái zhǐ 一台纸

Generally, the number “èr 二 ” is used in mathematic expressions while “liǎng 两” is more used as a number before a quantifier.
e.g.
yī èr sān sì wǔ (12345). (wrong) yī liǎng sān sì wǔ
liǎng tái diànnǎo (两台电脑). (wrong) èr tái diànnǎo

D. Colors:

yánsè 颜色 (color),
hóng 红 (red),
chì 赤 (red),
chéng 橙 (orange),
huáng 黄 (yellow),
lǜ 绿 (green),
qīng青 (green, verdant),
lán 蓝 (blue),
zǐ 紫 (purple, violet),
hēi 黑 (black),
bái 白 (white)