Sports Terms

(1 ) General sports terms — 一般体育用语 yībān tǐyù yòngyǔ

athlete ( 运动员 yùndòngyuán ) , coach ( 教练员 jiàoliànyuán ) , referee ( 裁判员 cáipànyuán ) , China team ( 中国队 Zhōngguó duì ) , U.S. A. team ( 美国队 Měiguó duì ) , Olympic Games ( 奥林匹克运动会 àolínpīkè yùndòng huì ) , opening ceremony ( 开幕式 kāimù shì ) , closing ceremony ( 闭幕式 bìmù shì ) , match , contest , competition ( 比赛 bǐsài ) , preliminary trials ( 预赛 yùsài ) , semi-finals ( 复赛fù sài , 半决赛 bàn jué sài ) , final ( 决赛 jué sài ) , singles ( 单打dāndǎ ) , doubles ( 双打 shuāngdǎ ) , mixed doubles ( 混合双打 hùnhé shuāngdǎ ) , foul, violation ( 犯规 fànguī ) , time out ( 暂停 zàntíng ) , penalty ( 罚 fá ) , to win ( 胜 shèng ) , to be defeated ( 负 fù , 败 bài ) , world record ( 世界纪录 shìjiè jìlù ) , gold medal ( 冠军 guànjūn , 金牌jīnpái ) , silver medal ( 亚军 yàjūn , 银牌 yínpái ) , bronze medel ( 季军jìjūn , 铜牌 tóngpái ) ,

( 2 ) Ball Games —- 球类比赛（qiú lèi bǐ sài ）

篮球 lánqiú ( basketball ) , 足球 zú qiú( soccer ) , 羽毛球 yǔmáoqiú ( badminton ), 排球 pái qiú ( volleyball ) , 乒乓球 pīngpāngqiú ( pingpong ) , 垒球 lěi qiú ( softball ) , 棒球 bàng qiú( baseball ) 手球 shǒu qiú ( handball ) , 网球 wǎng qiú ( tennis ) , 曲棍球 qūgùnqiú( field hockey ) , 冰球 bīng qiú ( ice hockey , puck ), 水球
shuǐ qiú （water polo ） ,

( 3 ) Track and Field —– 田径类比赛 （ tián jìng leì bǐ sài ）

百米赛跑 bǎi mǐ sài pǎo ( a hundred – meter dash ) , 跨栏 kuālán ( hurdle ) , 接力jiēlì ( relay race ) , 混合接力 hùnhé jiēlì ( medley relay ) , 长跑 cháng pǎo ( long distance running ) , 马拉松 mǎlāsōng （marathon ） , 竞走 jìng zǒu ( race walking) , 跳高 tiàogāo ( high jump ) , 撑杆跳高 chēnggān tiàogāo ( polevault, pole jump ) , 跳远 tiàoyuǎn ( long jump ) , 三级跳远 sānjí tiàoyuǎn ( triple trump ) , 标枪 biāoqiāng ( javelin throw ) , 铅球 qiān qiú( shot put ) , 铁饼 tiěbǐng ( discus throw ) , 链球 liàn qiú( hammer throw ) ,自行车 zìxíngchē ( bicycle ) ,

( 4 ) Gymnastics 体操 （ tǐcāo ）

团体赛 tuántǐ sài ( team competition , TC) , 个人全能赛 gèrén quánnéng sài ( individual all-round finals , IAAF ) , 个人单项决赛 gèrén dānxiàng jué sài ( individual event finals , IEF ), 个人全能比赛 gèrén quánnéng bǐ sài ( individual all- round competition, IAAC)
自由体操 zìyóu tǐcāo ( free exercises , floor exercises ) , 单杠 dāngàng ( horizontal bar ) , 双杠 shuānggàng ( parallel bars ), 高低杠 gāodī gàng ( uneven bars ) , 吊环 diàohuán ( rings ) , 跳马 tiàomǎ ( vaulting horse , jumping over ) , 鞍马ānmǎ ( pommel horse ) , 平衡木 pínghéng mù ( balance beam )

( 5 ) Swimming and Diving —- 游泳和跳水 yóuyǒng hé tiàoshuǐ

自由泳 zìyóu yǒng ( freestyle ,crawl stroke) , 蛙泳 wāyǒng ( breaststroke ) , 仰泳 yǎngyǒng ( back stroke ) , 蝶泳 diéyǒng ( butterfly stroke ) , 混合泳 hùnhéyǒng ( medley relay ) , 花样泳 huāyàng yǒng ( figure swimming , water ballet ) , 跳板跳水 tiàobǎn tiàoshuǐ ( springboard diving ) , 跳台跳水 tiàotái tiàoshuǐ ( platform diving ) ,

(6) Canoeing , Racing Boat and Sailing Boat —– 皮划艇 、赛艇 和帆船 píhuátǐng , sài tǐng hé fānchuán

划艇 huátǐng ( canoe ) , 单人划艇 dānrén huátǐng ( Canadian single , C1), 双人划艇 shuāngrén huátǐng ( Canadian pair, C2 ) , 皮艇 pítǐng ( kayak ) , 赛艇 sài tǐng ( racing boat , shell ) , 单人双桨 dānrén shuāngjiǎng ( single sculls ) , 双人双桨 shuāngrén shuāngjiǎng ( double sculls ) , 双人单桨无舵手 shuāngrén dānjiǎng wúduòshǒu ( coxless pairs ) , 帆船 fānchuán ( yacht , sailboat )

( 7 ) Skiing , Speed skating and Figure Skating —– 滑雪、速度滑冰 和花样滑冰 huáxuě, sùdù huábīng hé huāyàng huábīng

速度滑雪 sùdù huáxuě ( cross-country skiing , Langlauf ) , 高山滑雪gāoshān huáxuě ( alpine skiing ) , 速度滑冰 sùdù huábīng ( speed skating ) , 短道速滑 duǎndào sùhuá ( short track speed skating )

( 8 ) Weight lifting , Boxing and Rassling —- 举重， 拳击和摔跤 jǔzhòng , quánjī hé shuāijiāo

次最轻量级 cì zuì qīngliàng jí ( flyweight ) , 最轻量级 zuì qīngliàng jí ( bantamweight ) , 次轻量级 cì qīngliàng jí ( feather weight ) , 轻量级 qīngliàng jí ( light weight ) , 中量级 zhōngliàng jí ( middle weight ) , 轻重量级 qīng zhòngliàng jí ( light heavyweight ) , 次重量级 cì zhòngliàng jí ( middle heavyweight ) , 重量级 zhòngliàng jí ( heavyweight ) , 超重量级 chāo zhòngliàng jí ( super heavyweight )
杠铃 gànglíng ( barbell ) , 推举 tuījǔ ( press ) , 抓举 zhuājǔ ( snatch ) , 古典式摔跤 gǔdiǎn shì shuāijiāo ( Graco – Roman Style wresting ) , 柔道 róudào ( judo ) , 跆拳道 táiquándào ( tae kwon do ) , 武术 wǔshù ( martial arts ) , 太极拳 tàijíquán ( taiqi)

( 9 )Fencing , Shooting and Archery —- 击剑、射击 和射箭 jījiàn , shèjī hé shèjiàn

花剑 huājiàn ( foil, fleuret ) , 重剑 zhòngjiàn ( epee ) ，射击 shèjī
( shooting ) , 小口径步枪 xiǎo kǒujìng bùqiāng ( small – bore rifle ) , 标准步枪 biāozhǔn bùqiāng ( standard rifle ) , 自选手枪 zìxuǎn
shǒuqiāng ( free pistol ) , 气手枪 qìshǒuqiāng ( air pistol) , 运动步枪yùndòng bùqiāng ( sporting rifle ) , 猎枪 lièqiāng ( shotgun) , 飞碟射击 fēidié shèjī ( clay- shooting ) , 双向飞碟射击 shuāngxiàng fēidié shèjī ( skeet shooting ) , 多向飞碟射击 duōxiàng fēidié shèjī ( trapshooting ) , 速射 sùshè ( rapid fire ) , 慢射 mànshè ( slow fire )

( 10 ) Equestrian Sports —- 马术 mǎshù

赛马 sài mǎ ( horse racing ) , 平道赛马 píngdào sài mǎ ( flat racing ) ,
越野障碍耐力赛 yuèyě zhàngài nàilì sài ( steepchase, cross-country endurance race ) , 马球 mǎqiú ( polo )